Article Retraction & Withdrawal

• Article Withdrawal (Withdrawal Before Publication): Authors are permitted to withdraw their manuscripts while they are in the review/editing process by submitting a formal written reason to the Editor. Withdrawing a manuscript that has entered the final layout/editing stage without a strong justification may result in administrative sanctions (blacklisting).
• Article Retraction: Published articles may be retracted from the system if they are later legally proven to have committed serious ethical violations, such as multiple plagiarism, data fabrication, false ownership claims, or gross copyright infringement. An official retraction note will be linked to the article .